Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand than undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 3'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone (By similarity). Essential for proper chromosome segregation in both meiosis and mitosis. Weakly relaxes negative supercoils and displays a distinct preference for binding single-stranded DNA. The TOP3-SGS1 protein complex may function as a eukaryotic reverse gyrase introducing positive supercoils into extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA rings.

>P13099|TOP3|Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)(Baker's yeast)
MKVLCVAEKNSIAKAVSQILGGGRSTSRDSGYMYVKNYDFMFSGFPFARNGANCEVTMTSVAGHLTGIDFSHDSHGWGKCAIQELFDAPLNEIMNNNQKKIASNIKREARNADYLMIWTDCDREGEYIGWEIWQEAKRGNRLIQNDQVYRAVFSHLERQHILNAARNPSRLDMKSVHAVGTRIEIDLRAGVTFTRLLTETLRNKLRNQATMTKDGAKHRGGNKNDSQVVSYGTCQFPTLGFVVDRFERIRNFVPEEFWYIQLVVENKDNGGTTTFQWDRGHLFDRLSVLTFYETCIETAGNVAQVVDLKSKPTTKYRPLPLTTVELQKNCARYLRLNAKQSLDAAEKLYQKGFISYPRTETDTFPHAMDLKSLVEKQAQLDQLAAGGRTAWASYAASLLQPENTSNNNKFKFPRSGSHDDKAHPPIHPIVSLGPEANVSPVERRVYEYVARHFLACCSEDAKGQSMTLVLDWAVERFSASGLVVLERNFLDVYPWARWETTKQLPRLEMNALVDIAKAEMKAGTTAPPKPMTESELILLMDTNGIGTDATIAEHIDKIQVRNYVRSEKVGKETYLQPTTLGVSLVHGFEAIGLEDSFAKPFQRREMEQDLKKICEGHASKTDVVKDIVEKYRKYWHKTNACKNTLLQVYDRVKASM