| Tag |
Content |
| dbPAF ID |
dbPAF-0000021 |
| Uniprot Accession |
O00182; LEG9_HUMAN; A7VJG6; F8W9W4; O14532; O75028; Q3B8N1; Q53FQ0; Q8WYQ7; Q9NQ58;
|
| Genbank Protein ID |
NP_002299.2; NP_033665.1; XP_006721955.1; XP_006721957.1; XP_006721958.1;
|
| Genbank Nucleotide ID |
NM_002308.3; NM_009587.2; XM_006721892.1; XM_006721894.2; XM_006721895.2;
|
| Protein Name |
Galectin-9 |
| Protein Synonyms/Alias |
|
| Gene Name |
LGALS9 |
| Gene Synonyms/Alias |
|
| Organism |
Homo sapiens(Human) |
| NCBI Taxa ID |
9606 |
Functional Description
(View all) |
Binds galactosides (PubMed:18005988). Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide (PubMed:18005988). Ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3 (PubMed:16286920). Binding to HAVCR2 induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death (PubMed:16286920). Also stimulates bactericidal activity in infected macrophages by causing macrophage activation and IL1B secretion which restricts intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). Ligand for P4HB; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration (PubMed:21670307). Ligand for CD44; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity). Promotes ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation (PubMed:23817958). Expands regulatory T cells and induces cytotoxic T cell apoptosis following virus infection (PubMed:20209097). Activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation inducing cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and chemokine (CCL2) production in mast and dendritic cells (PubMed:24465902, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits degranulation and induces apoptosis of mast cells (PubMed:24465902). Induces maturation and migration of dendritic cells (PubMed:25754930, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits natural killer (NK) cell function (PubMed:23408620). Can transform NK cell phenotype from peripheral to decidual during pregnancy (PubMed:25578313). Astrocyte derived galectin-9 enhances microglial TNF production (By similarity). May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. May provide the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion (By similarity). Highly selective to the anion urate (By similarity).Functional Description
Binds galactosides (PubMed:18005988). Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide (PubMed:18005988). Ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3 (PubMed:16286920). Binding to HAVCR2 induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death (PubMed:16286920). Also stimulates bactericidal activity in infected macrophages by causing macrophage activation and IL1B secretion which restricts intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). Ligand for P4HB; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration (PubMed:21670307). Ligand for CD44; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity). Promotes ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation (PubMed:23817958). Expands regulatory T cells and induces cytotoxic T cell apoptosis following virus infection (PubMed:20209097). Activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation inducing cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and chemokine (CCL2) production in mast and dendritic cells (PubMed:24465902, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits degranulation and induces apoptosis of mast cells (PubMed:24465902). Induces maturation and migration of dendritic cells (PubMed:25754930, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits natural killer (NK) cell function (PubMed:23408620). Can transform NK cell phenotype from peripheral to decidual during pregnancy (PubMed:25578313). Astrocyte derived galectin-9 enhances microglial TNF production (By similarity). May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. May provide the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion (By similarity). Highly selective to the anion urate (By similarity). |
Phosphorylation Sites
|
dbPAF PTMs: 2 |
Sequence
(Fasta) | MAFSGSQAPY LSPAVPFSGT IQGGLQDGLQ ITVNGTVLSS SGTRFAVNFQ TGFSGNDIAF 60
HFNPRFEDGG YVVCNTRQNG SWGPEERKTH MPFQKGMPFD LCFLVQSSDF KVMVNGILFV 120
QYFHRVPFHR VDTISVNGSV QLSYISFQNP RTVPVQPAFS TVPFSQPVCF PPRPRGRRQK 180
PPGVWPANPA PITQTVIHTV QSAPGQMFST PAIPPMMYPH PAYPMPFITT ILGGLYPSKS 240
ILLSGTVLPS AQRFHINLCS GNHIAFHLNP RFDENAVVRN TQIDNSWGSE ERSLPRKMPF 300
VRGQSFSVWI LCEAHCLKVA VDGQHLFEYY HRLRNLPTIN RLEVGGDIQL THVQT
356Fasta Sequence
>O00182|LGALS9|Homo sapiens(Human)
MAFSGSQAPYLSPAVPFSGTIQGGLQDGLQITVNGTVLSSSGTRFAVNFQTGFSGNDIAFHFNPRFEDGGYVVCNTRQNGSWGPEERKTHMPFQKGMPFDLCFLVQSSDFKVMVNGILFVQYFHRVPFHRVDTISVNGSVQLSYISFQNPRTVPVQPAFSTVPFSQPVCFPPRPRGRRQKPPGVWPANPAPITQTVIHTVQSAPGQMFSTPAIPPMMYPHPAYPMPFITTILGGLYPSKSILLSGTVLPSAQRFHINLCSGNHIAFHLNPRFDENAVVRNTQIDNSWGSEERSLPRKMPFVRGQSFSVWILCEAHCLKVAVDGQHLFEYYHRLRNLPTINRLEVGGDIQLTHVQT
|
| Keyword |
KW-0002--3D-structure
KW-0025--Alternative splicing
KW-0145--Chemotaxis
KW-0181--Complete proteome
KW-0963--Cytoplasm
KW-0391--Immunity
KW-0430--Lectin
KW-0539--Nucleus
KW-0621--Polymorphism
KW-1185--Reference proteome
KW-0677--Repeat
KW-0964--Secreted
|
| Interpro |
IPR013320--ConA-like_dom
IPR001079--Galectin_CRD
|
| PROSITE |
PS51304--GALECTIN
|
| Pfam |
PF00337--Gal-bind_lectin
|
| Gene Ontology |
GO:0005737--C:cytoplasm
GO:0070062--C:extracellular exosome
GO:0005615--C:extracellular space
GO:0005622--C:intracellular
GO:0005634--C:nucleus
GO:0030246--F:carbohydrate binding
GO:0048030--F:disaccharide binding
GO:0019899--F:enzyme binding
GO:0005534--F:galactose binding
GO:0004871--F:signal transducer activity
GO:0071346--P:cellular response to interferon-gamma
GO:0098586--P:cellular response to virus
GO:0006935--P:chemotaxis
GO:0070371--P:ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0007565--P:female pregnancy
GO:0006954--P:inflammatory response
GO:0060135--P:maternal process involved in female pregnancy
GO:0002519--P:natural killer cell tolerance induction
GO:0046007--P:negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation
GO:2000562--P:negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation
GO:0032682--P:negative regulation of chemokine production
GO:0010629--P:negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0032689--P:negative regulation of interferon-gamma production
GO:0043305--P:negative regulation of mast cell degranulation
GO:0045953--P:negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
GO:0032720--P:negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
GO:0038066--P:p38MAPK cascade
GO:0070241--P:positive regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death
GO:2000563--P:positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation
GO:0032834--P:positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response
GO:2001269--P:positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2000670--P:positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process
GO:2000510--P:positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis
GO:2001200--P:positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation
GO:0070374--P:positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0010628--P:positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0043123--P:positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:1902715--P:positive regulation of interferon-gamma secretion
GO:0050718--P:positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
GO:2001181--P:positive regulation of interleukin-10 secretion
GO:2001184--P:positive regulation of interleukin-12 secretion
GO:2000667--P:positive regulation of interleukin-13 secretion
GO:0032753--P:positive regulation of interleukin-4 production
GO:2000778--P:positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion
GO:2000484--P:positive regulation of interleukin-8 secretion
GO:0071639--P:positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production
GO:0042346--P:positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus
GO:0051092--P:positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:2001190--P:positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell
GO:0071636--P:positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production
GO:1904469--P:positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor secretion
GO:0046598--P:positive regulation of viral entry into host cell
GO:0070555--P:response to interleukin-1
GO:0032496--P:response to lipopolysaccharide
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